Verses 10–30
89. Al-Fajr · The Dawn
Makkan30 verses
وَفِرْعَوْنَ ذِى ٱلْأَوْتَادِ
ٱلَّذِينَ طَغَوْا۟ فِى ٱلْبِلَٰدِ
89:11—those who rebelled [against Allah] in their cities
فَأَكْثَرُوا۟ فِيهَا ٱلْفَسَادَ
89:12and caused much corruption in them,
فَصَبَّ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّكَ سَوْطَ عَذَابٍ
89:13so your Lord poured on them lashes of punishment.
إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَبِٱلْمِرْصَادِ
فَأَمَّا ٱلْإِنسَٰنُ إِذَا مَا ٱبْتَلَىٰهُ رَبُّهُۥ فَأَكْرَمَهُۥ وَنَعَّمَهُۥ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّىٓ أَكْرَمَنِ
89:15As for man, whenever his Lord tests him, and grants him honour, and blesses him, he says, ‘My Lord has honoured me.’
وَأَمَّآ إِذَا مَا ٱبْتَلَىٰهُ فَقَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقَهُۥ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّىٓ أَهَٰنَنِ
89:16But when He tests him and tightens for him his provision, he says, ‘My Lord has humiliated me.’
كَلَّا ۖ بَل لَّا تُكْرِمُونَ ٱلْيَتِيمَ
89:17No indeed! No, you do not honour the orphan,
وَلَا تَحَٰٓضُّونَ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ ٱلْمِسْكِينِ
وَتَأْكُلُونَ ٱلتُّرَاثَ أَكْلًۭا لَّمًّۭا
وَتُحِبُّونَ ٱلْمَالَ حُبًّۭا جَمًّۭا
كَلَّآ إِذَا دُكَّتِ ٱلْأَرْضُ دَكًّۭا دَكًّۭا
89:21No indeed! When the earth is levelled to a plain,
وَجَآءَ رَبُّكَ وَٱلْمَلَكُ صَفًّۭا صَفًّۭا
89:22and your Lord [’s edict] arrives with the angels in ranks,
وَجِا۟ىٓءَ يَوْمَئِذٍۭ بِجَهَنَّمَ ۚ يَوْمَئِذٍۢ يَتَذَكَّرُ ٱلْإِنسَٰنُ وَأَنَّىٰ لَهُ ٱلذِّكْرَىٰ
89:23the day when hell is brought [near], man will take admonition on that day, but what will that admonition avail him?
يَقُولُ يَٰلَيْتَنِى قَدَّمْتُ لِحَيَاتِى
89:24He will say, ‘Alas, had I sent ahead for my life [in the Hereafter]!’6
فَيَوْمَئِذٍۢ لَّا يُعَذِّبُ عَذَابَهُۥٓ أَحَدٌۭ
89:25On that day none shall punish as He punishes,
وَلَا يُوثِقُ وَثَاقَهُۥٓ أَحَدٌۭ
89:26and none shall bind as He binds.
يَٰٓأَيَّتُهَا ٱلنَّفْسُ ٱلْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ
89:27‘O soul at peace!
ٱرْجِعِىٓ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكِ رَاضِيَةًۭ مَّرْضِيَّةًۭ
89:28Return to your Lord, pleased and pleasing!
فَٱدْخُلِى فِى عِبَٰدِى
89:29Then enter among My servants,
وَٱدْخُلِى جَنَّتِى
89:30and enter My paradise!’
Tafsir
Commentary on this passage
Verse 14
1.Believers should always remember that oppressors may have advances in any respect, Providence is waiting to get them. And when it did not allow to remain likes of Firon, Shaddad, and Samood, then how today’s oppressors will be left by it and the oppressors should also understand this.
Verse 16
2.These are the ignorant and materialist people in whose eyes standard of honour and dishonour is only worldly wealth. And that is why they start complaining to Allah when there is shortage of wealth. Their personal degradation and deviation is that they don’t pay respect to the orphans; they make no arrangement for food for the poor. They collect ancestral wealth and usurp everything Haraam and Halaal and love the wealth so much that they are reluctant to give anything out of it. They don’t realise that a day will come when they will get to their senses, but at that time it will be of no use. If attention is paid we can find such people in all periods of time and today also so many are present. Only a discerning eye is required to take a lesson and it is necessary to take lesson from it.
Verse 27
3.This description is of those believers whose characters are liked by Allah and they themselves are also happy with the pleasure of the Lord. Such people when they leave this world are satisfied and in their expectation the servants of Allah are also restless and the Paradise too. On this basis Imam Husain (a.s.) is considered the most evident reference of this. Who for the pleasure Allah sacrificed his clan and when himself was under the sword repeatedly said: O my Allah I am happy on your pleasure. O Lord I am happy on Your wish, then the Lord also called him thus: Ya Ayyatohan-nafsul-Mutmainnah, Irje-ie Ela-Rabbeke Razeyatan Marziyyah.(O soul that art at rest! Return to your Lord, well-pleased (with Him), well-pleasing (Him).
Footnotes
Explanations of words and phrases in these verses
- 1
Awtaad - It refers to army and soldiers that establish a rule just as pegs pitch a tent.
- 2
Mirsaad - Ambush.
- 3
Yahazoon - Haz - to encourage people and how can he act who does not encourage others.
- 4
Lamma - With severity.
- 5
Jamma - with great excess.
Benefit
Regarding Inna Rabbeka bil mirsaad the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.s.) has said: There will be three bridges on Hell: Trustworthiness, Prayer and Justice. Some people fall from the first bridge, some from the second and the rest from the third. And the Lord of the Worlds will continue to watch those conditions. There is assurance for the believers in Inna Rabbeka.
- 6
Le-hayati - It denotes the life of the Hereafter. Or Fi hayati the life of the world.
Benefit
In the explanation of Nafse Mutamainna Imam Sadiq (a.s.) has said: When the believer is troubled by the taking away of the soul, the Angel of death makes him see the countenances of the faces of the Holy Imams (a.s.) and he becomes willingly happy to give up his life. Thus when just seeing them makes us Mutmainna (contented) how they themselves would be?
Benefit: One of the difference between inspiration (Ilham) and Revelation (Wahy) is that the recepient of revelation is aware of the source of revelation but it is not necessary for the recipient of Ilham to know the source of his inspiration.