Verses 31–49
74. Al-Muddaththir · The Cloaked One
Makkan56 verses
وَمَا جَعَلْنَآ أَصْحَٰبَ ٱلنَّارِ إِلَّا مَلَٰٓئِكَةًۭ ۙ وَمَا جَعَلْنَا عِدَّتَهُمْ إِلَّا فِتْنَةًۭ لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ لِيَسْتَيْقِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ وَيَزْدَادَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِيمَٰنًۭا ۙ وَلَا يَرْتَابَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ وَٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ ۙ وَلِيَقُولَ ٱلَّذِينَ فِى قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٌۭ وَٱلْكَٰفِرُونَ مَاذَآ أَرَادَ ٱللَّهُ بِهَٰذَا مَثَلًۭا ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يُضِلُّ ٱللَّهُ مَن يَشَآءُ وَيَهْدِى مَن يَشَآءُ ۚ وَمَا يَعْلَمُ جُنُودَ رَبِّكَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۚ وَمَا هِىَ إِلَّا ذِكْرَىٰ لِلْبَشَرِ
74:31We have assigned only angels as keepers of the Fire, and We have made their number merely a stumbling block for the faithless, and so that those who were given the Book may be reassured, and the faithful may increase in [their] faith, and so that those who were given the Book and the faithful may not be in doubt, and so that the faithless and those in whose hearts is a sickness may say, ‘What did Allah mean by this description?’ Thus does Allah lead astray whomever He wishes and guides whomever He wishes. No one knows the hosts of your Lord except Him, and it is just an admonition for all humans.
كَلَّا وَٱلْقَمَرِ
74:32No indeed! By the Moon!
وَٱلَّيْلِ إِذْ أَدْبَرَ
وَٱلصُّبْحِ إِذَآ أَسْفَرَ
إِنَّهَا لَإِحْدَى ٱلْكُبَرِ
نَذِيرًۭا لِّلْبَشَرِ
74:36—a warner to all humans,
لِمَن شَآءَ مِنكُمْ أَن يَتَقَدَّمَ أَوْ يَتَأَخَّرَ
74:37[alike] for those of you who like to advance ahead and those who would remain behind.45
كُلُّ نَفْسٍۭ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ رَهِينَةٌ
إِلَّآ أَصْحَٰبَ ٱلْيَمِينِ
74:39except the People of the Right Hand.
فِى جَنَّٰتٍۢ يَتَسَآءَلُونَ
74:40[They will be] in gardens, questioning
عَنِ ٱلْمُجْرِمِينَ
74:41the guilty:
مَا سَلَكَكُمْ فِى سَقَرَ
قَالُوا۟ لَمْ نَكُ مِنَ ٱلْمُصَلِّينَ
74:43They will answer, ‘We were not among those who prayed.
وَلَمْ نَكُ نُطْعِمُ ٱلْمِسْكِينَ
74:44Nor did we feed the poor.
وَكُنَّا نَخُوضُ مَعَ ٱلْخَآئِضِينَ
74:45We used to indulge in [profane] gossip along with the gossipers,8
وَكُنَّا نُكَذِّبُ بِيَوْمِ ٱلدِّينِ
حَتَّىٰٓ أَتَىٰنَا ٱلْيَقِينُ
فَمَا تَنفَعُهُمْ شَفَٰعَةُ ٱلشَّٰفِعِينَ
74:48So the intercession of the intercessors will not avail them.
فَمَا لَهُمْ عَنِ ٱلتَّذْكِرَةِ مُعْرِضِينَ
74:49What is the matter with them that they evade the Reminder
Tafsir
Commentary on this passage
Verse 31
1.It is said that when this Ayat was revealed Abu Jahl by way of joke said that since there were 19 angels in all, if each of them is captured by ten of us the work will be over. Then one person replied in the same tone and said I will alone capture 17 of them, you make arrangement for two only. Probably for that reason Allah appointed treasurers from angels, so that there is no possibility of confrontation and bribe and another advantage of this number is also that the People of the Book may also confide that their books also mention the same figure. And people who believe, also will trust Allah and enhance in their belief.
Verse 43
2.From here you can estimate how important it is to pray and feed the poor and what is the result of these important deeds. Intercession will also be there for these kinds of people. As Imam Sadiq (a.s.) had said that our intercession is not for those who think Namaz to be trivial.
Verse 48
3.It becomes evident from this that on the day of Qiyamat, there will be persons who will do intercession. And belief in intercession is absolutely true and certain. But this intercession will be of no benefit to those who don’t pray and those who have no faith. They will be deprived of this intercession. Alas if only those people who are in misunderstanding and those who deceive the community had their attention on the meaning of this Ayat and had perceived the truth of intercession and had not tried to make non-praying people, as having rights to intercession!
Footnotes
Explanations of words and phrases in these verses
- 1
Adbar - Passing night.
- 2
Asfar - Brightening dawn.
- 3
Kubar - Many calamilies and terrible things.
- 4
Yataqaddam- They moved towards goodness.
- 5
Yataakhkhir - Move back from evil.
- 6
Rahina - Mortgaged.
- 7
Maasalaka - What has made to enter it.
- 8
Khooz - To enter something, but it usually denotes evil actions.
- 9
Yaumiddeen - The day of accounting and recompense.
- 10
Yaqeen - Death.
Benefit
Nineteen is the highest of units number and the least of tens. According to some people there are nineteen principles of wantonness. Each of whom has an angel appointed for it. Anyway this figure is related to Hell and has no barakat (goodness) that the whole Quran or the whole religion should be related to it. Benefit: Traditions mention the following as intercessors: The Holy Prophet (s.a.w.s.). the purified Imams, the angels, the prophets, the real Shias, the scholars, the martyrs, the Holy Quran. The ninety year old believer and the fast. (Ref: Mafahimul Quran).