Verses 26–39
53. An-Najm · The Star
Makkan62 verses
۞ وَكَم مِّن مَّلَكٍۢ فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ لَا تُغْنِى شَفَٰعَتُهُمْ شَيْـًٔا إِلَّا مِنۢ بَعْدِ أَن يَأْذَنَ ٱللَّهُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيَرْضَىٰٓ
53:26How many an angel there is in the heavens whose intercession is of not any avail, except after Allah permits whomever He wishes and approves of!1
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِٱلْءَاخِرَةِ لَيُسَمُّونَ ٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةَ تَسْمِيَةَ ٱلْأُنثَىٰ
53:27Indeed those who do not believe in the Hereafter give female names to the angels.
وَمَا لَهُم بِهِۦ مِنْ عِلْمٍ ۖ إِن يَتَّبِعُونَ إِلَّا ٱلظَّنَّ ۖ وَإِنَّ ٱلظَّنَّ لَا يُغْنِى مِنَ ٱلْحَقِّ شَيْـًۭٔا
53:28They do not have any knowledge of that. They follow nothing but conjectures, and conjecture is no substitute for the truth.
فَأَعْرِضْ عَن مَّن تَوَلَّىٰ عَن ذِكْرِنَا وَلَمْ يُرِدْ إِلَّا ٱلْحَيَوٰةَ ٱلدُّنْيَا
53:29So avoid those who turn away from Our remembrance and desire nothing but the life of the world.
ذَٰلِكَ مَبْلَغُهُم مِّنَ ٱلْعِلْمِ ۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَن ضَلَّ عَن سَبِيلِهِۦ وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَنِ ٱهْتَدَىٰ
53:30That is the ultimate reach of their knowledge. Indeed your Lord knows best those who stray from His way, and He knows best those who are [rightly] guided.
وَلِلَّهِ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ لِيَجْزِىَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَسَٰٓـُٔوا۟ بِمَا عَمِلُوا۟ وَيَجْزِىَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَحْسَنُوا۟ بِٱلْحُسْنَى
53:31To Allah belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth, that He may requite those who do evil for what they have done, and reward those who do good with the best [of rewards].
ٱلَّذِينَ يَجْتَنِبُونَ كَبَٰٓئِرَ ٱلْإِثْمِ وَٱلْفَوَٰحِشَ إِلَّا ٱللَّمَمَ ۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ وَٰسِعُ ٱلْمَغْفِرَةِ ۚ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِكُمْ إِذْ أَنشَأَكُم مِّنَ ٱلْأَرْضِ وَإِذْ أَنتُمْ أَجِنَّةٌۭ فِى بُطُونِ أُمَّهَٰتِكُمْ ۖ فَلَا تُزَكُّوٓا۟ أَنفُسَكُمْ ۖ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَنِ ٱتَّقَىٰٓ
53:32Those who avoid major sins and indecencies, apart from [minor and occasional] lapses. Indeed your Lord is expansive in [His] forgiveness. He knows you best since [the time] He produced you from the earth and since you were foetuses in the bellies of your mothers. So do not flaunt your piety: He knows best those who are Godwary.*2
أَفَرَءَيْتَ ٱلَّذِى تَوَلَّىٰ
وَأَعْطَىٰ قَلِيلًۭا وَأَكْدَىٰٓ
53:34gave a little and held off?
أَعِندَهُۥ عِلْمُ ٱلْغَيْبِ فَهُوَ يَرَىٰٓ
53:35Does he have the knowledge of the Unseen so that he sees?
أَمْ لَمْ يُنَبَّأْ بِمَا فِى صُحُفِ مُوسَىٰ
53:36Has he not been informed of what is in the scriptures of Moses,
وَإِبْرَٰهِيمَ ٱلَّذِى وَفَّىٰٓ
53:37and of Abraham, who fulfilled [his summons]:
أَلَّا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌۭ وِزْرَ أُخْرَىٰ
53:38that no bearer shall bear another’s burden,
وَأَن لَّيْسَ لِلْإِنسَٰنِ إِلَّا مَا سَعَىٰ
53:39that nothing belongs to man except what he strives for,*
Tafsir
Commentary on this passage
Verse 32
1.This does not mean at all that there is no harm in committing small sins, because if it was like that then its name would not have been sin itself, but it would have been called Permissible. Sin is a sin in any case. It may be either Saghirah (small) or Kabirah (great). The clear meaning of the Ayat is that those people who refrain from Gunah-e-Kabirah and indecent things, Allah is very forgiving for their smaller sins. That in any case, he has refrained from grave sins and he has committed only such sins, which are committed on the basis of his natural weakness. And to abstain from them is not in the capacity of everyone.
Verse 38
2.This life is based on some permanent principles, towards which every human should always remain attentive and those principles are these: (1) No person is going to undertake the responsibility of anyone, therefore, every person should keep himself ready to account for his deeds. (2) A person has got that much part only in this world and the next world - proportionate to the efforts he has put in. Religion of Allah is the religion of effort. There is no place for laziness and indolence. (3) One day man himself will witness his effort that what he has done in his stay in the world and at that time he will have the true evaluation with regard to his destiny. (4) Man may wish to run away a hundred thousand limes, his last destiny is the court of Allah and there in any case he has to give his presence. He cannot have asylum in any way from that. On the basis of the fundamental law of Islam, this tradition has no worth in which it is narrated that weeping of the living causes torment to the dead. It is obvious that the clear meaning of this is that the sin is performed by someone and someone else is being punished which is exactly opposite to the just laws of Islam. And it is the result of the tradition which is based on some political aim.
Footnotes
Explanations of words and phrases in these verses
- 1
Muballighe Ilm - The final knowledge and the last limit of the thinking of the infidels is that angels should be given names of girls. So that man is not prepared to think beyond the life of the world.
Benefit
In the 32nd ayat the reference to the knowledge of Allah is an indication that the pious people have the right to praise themselves some times because it is not pride. It is a duty. Just as sometimes the Imams used to deliver introductory sermons.
- 2
Lemam - Minor sins, like looking at namehram women or not replying to Salam etc. The opposite of this is Greater sins like polytheism, murder, oppression and infidelity etc. and Fawahish are the immodest actions like adultery, sodomy etc.
- 3
According to some people the ayat is about Walid bin Mughaira, and according to others it is for Uthman bin Affan. Akdi - Used for stopping of money. Sohfe Moosa means the chapters of Taurat. Just as Sohfe Ibrahim means those scriptures that were revealed on Ibrahim (a.s.) and all agreed on one point that every person is himself responsible for his deeds and no one is going to carry the burden of others.
Benefit
The 39th ayat indicates towards the rights otherwise from the aspect of mercy and bountifulness one can get inheritance in the world and get intercession in the Hereafter. But it is not as a matter of right.