Anwar Al-Quran

Verses 28–43

38. Saad · The letter Saad

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أَمْ نَجْعَلُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ كَٱلْمُفْسِدِينَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ أَمْ نَجْعَلُ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ كَٱلْفُجَّارِ

38:28Shall We treat those who have faith and do righteous deeds like those who cause corruption on the earth? Shall We treat the Godwary like the vicious?

كِتَٰبٌ أَنزَلْنَٰهُ إِلَيْكَ مُبَٰرَكٌۭ لِّيَدَّبَّرُوٓا۟ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ وَلِيَتَذَكَّرَ أُو۟لُوا۟ ٱلْأَلْبَٰبِ

38:29[This is] a blessed Book that We have sent down to you, so that they may contemplate its signs, and that those who possess intellect may take admonition.

وَوَهَبْنَا لِدَاوُۥدَ سُلَيْمَٰنَ ۚ نِعْمَ ٱلْعَبْدُ ۖ إِنَّهُۥٓ أَوَّابٌ

38:30And to David We gave Solomon—what an excellent servant he was! Indeed, he was a penitent [soul].1

إِذْ عُرِضَ عَلَيْهِ بِٱلْعَشِىِّ ٱلصَّٰفِنَٰتُ ٱلْجِيَادُ

38:31One evening when there were displayed before him prancing steeds,2

فَقَالَ إِنِّىٓ أَحْبَبْتُ حُبَّ ٱلْخَيْرِ عَن ذِكْرِ رَبِّى حَتَّىٰ تَوَارَتْ بِٱلْحِجَابِ

38:32he said, ‘Indeed I have preferred the love of [worldly] niceties to the remembrance of my Lord until [the sun] disappeared behind the [night’s] veil.’*

رُدُّوهَا عَلَىَّ ۖ فَطَفِقَ مَسْحًۢا بِٱلسُّوقِ وَٱلْأَعْنَاقِ

38:33‘Bring it back for me!’ Then he [and others] began to wipe [their] legs and necks.*

وَلَقَدْ فَتَنَّا سُلَيْمَٰنَ وَأَلْقَيْنَا عَلَىٰ كُرْسِيِّهِۦ جَسَدًۭا ثُمَّ أَنَابَ

38:34Certainly We tried Solomon, and cast a [lifeless] body on his throne. Thereupon he was penitent.

قَالَ رَبِّ ٱغْفِرْ لِى وَهَبْ لِى مُلْكًۭا لَّا يَنۢبَغِى لِأَحَدٍۢ مِّنۢ بَعْدِىٓ ۖ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ ٱلْوَهَّابُ

38:35He said, ‘My Lord! Forgive me, and grant me a kingdom that will not befit anyone except me. Indeed You are the All-munificent.’*

فَسَخَّرْنَا لَهُ ٱلرِّيحَ تَجْرِى بِأَمْرِهِۦ رُخَآءً حَيْثُ أَصَابَ

38:36So We disposed the wind for him, blowing softly wherever he intended by his command,

وَٱلشَّيَٰطِينَ كُلَّ بَنَّآءٍۢ وَغَوَّاصٍۢ

38:37and every builder and diver from the demons,

وَءَاخَرِينَ مُقَرَّنِينَ فِى ٱلْأَصْفَادِ

38:38and others [too] bound together in chains.

هَٰذَا عَطَآؤُنَا فَٱمْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍۢ

38:39‘This is Our bounty: so withhold or bestow without any reckoning.’

وَإِنَّ لَهُۥ عِندَنَا لَزُلْفَىٰ وَحُسْنَ مَـَٔابٍۢ

38:40Indeed he has [a station of] nearness with Us and a good destination.

وَٱذْكُرْ عَبْدَنَآ أَيُّوبَ إِذْ نَادَىٰ رَبَّهُۥٓ أَنِّى مَسَّنِىَ ٱلشَّيْطَٰنُ بِنُصْبٍۢ وَعَذَابٍ

38:41And remember Our servant Job [in the Quran]. When he called out to his Lord, ‘The devil has visited on me hardship and torment,’

ٱرْكُضْ بِرِجْلِكَ ۖ هَٰذَا مُغْتَسَلٌۢ بَارِدٌۭ وَشَرَابٌۭ

38:42[We told him:] ‘Stamp your foot on the ground; this [ensuing spring] will be a cooling bath and drink.’

وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُۥٓ أَهْلَهُۥ وَمِثْلَهُم مَّعَهُمْ رَحْمَةًۭ مِّنَّا وَذِكْرَىٰ لِأُو۟لِى ٱلْأَلْبَٰبِ

38:43We gave [back] his family to him along with others like them, as a mercy from Us and an admonition for those who possess intellect.

Tafsir

Commentary on this passage

Verse 28

1.Qazi Abu Bakr has mentioned in Ahkamul Quran that this Ayat is revealed for Bani Hashim, and faithful and pious people mean Ali Ibne Abi Talib (a.s.), Ja’far, Obaidah Bin Al Harith, Tafil Bin Al Harith, Zaid Bin Harsa and Umme Aiman etc. And seditious person means children of Abde Shams and Bani Umayyah.

Verse 32

2.Many differences are found in exegetical writings about this Ayat. The real incident is that Sulaiman (a.s.) was examining horses of his stable in the evening till the sun set and the horses returned. He began to prepare for Jihad and in spite of being a ruler he began to massage their neck and legs. This was the best deed of Suilaiman (a.s.) regarding which the commentators have said: He was so busy that the sun set and the time of prayer was over. He repented and prayed to Allah for forgive; but this is not mentioned in the verse of the Holy Quran.

Verse 34

3.Some people say that as a trial, Allah put his mere body on his throne and it was the result of Tark-e-Awla and according to a different opinion he started making an arrangement of an heir of this throne and and not say InshaAllah before intercourse so a dead child was born that without Our Will only this kind of child could be born. Allah knows best.

Footnotes

Explanations of words and phrases in these verses

  1. Benefit

    Regarding verses 32 and 33 it should be clear that in Arabic terminology the word Khair is used for horse and An zikre Rabbi is the mention of the result of the love of horse that all this is on the basis of the remembrance of Allah. After this the doer of Tawarat are also these horses and the subjeet of Ruddoha also. It has no relation with sunset or the lapse of prayers. Beeause to make the prayer Qaza is against prophethood and the coming back of the sun for supererogatory (Nafila) prayer is illogical.

  2. 1

    Sulaiman is an Iberian word which means Peace-loving. He was the son of Dawood (a.s.) who is extolled in Quran and in present Old Testament he is severely criticised. So much so he is referred to as a son of an unchaste woman. (We seek Allah’s Refuge).

  3. 2

    Saffenat is the plural of Safena that is the thorough bred horses that stand by putting their weight on three legs. Jiyaad is the plural of Jawad - That is fast horses and in men it is the most benevolent person. Sooq is the plural of Saaq that means Calf (shin). Rakhaa - Soft speed. Asfaad - Chains and iron collar etc. Famnum - To give to others. Amsak - To lintit to oneself. Nasb - hard work, labour. Mughtasil - Place of bathing.

  4. Benefit

    The supplication of Sulaiman (a.s.) in the 35th ayat was not due to miserliness. He wasted his kingdom to have a special status that become apparent in five excellences. (1) The control of winds (2) Control over Jinns (3) Arrest of evil satans (4) Discretion to give or to withhold (5) Nearness of Allah and the best Return. Apart from these aspects other kingdoms could be better than the kingdom of Suilaim an (a.s.).