Verses 21–28
28. Al-Qasas · The Stories
Makkan88 verses
فَخَرَجَ مِنْهَا خَآئِفًۭا يَتَرَقَّبُ ۖ قَالَ رَبِّ نَجِّنِى مِنَ ٱلْقَوْمِ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ
28:21So he left the city, fearful and vigilant. He said, ‘My Lord! Deliver me from the wrongdoing lot.’
وَلَمَّا تَوَجَّهَ تِلْقَآءَ مَدْيَنَ قَالَ عَسَىٰ رَبِّىٓ أَن يَهْدِيَنِى سَوَآءَ ٱلسَّبِيلِ
28:22And when he turned his face toward Midian, he said, ‘Maybe my Lord will show me the right way.’1
وَلَمَّا وَرَدَ مَآءَ مَدْيَنَ وَجَدَ عَلَيْهِ أُمَّةًۭ مِّنَ ٱلنَّاسِ يَسْقُونَ وَوَجَدَ مِن دُونِهِمُ ٱمْرَأَتَيْنِ تَذُودَانِ ۖ قَالَ مَا خَطْبُكُمَا ۖ قَالَتَا لَا نَسْقِى حَتَّىٰ يُصْدِرَ ٱلرِّعَآءُ ۖ وَأَبُونَا شَيْخٌۭ كَبِيرٌۭ
28:23When he arrived at the well of Midian, he found there a throng of people watering [their flocks], and he found, besides them, two women holding back [their flock]. He said, ‘What is your business?’ They said, ‘We do not water [our flock] until the shepherds have driven out [their flocks], and our father is an aged man.’2
فَسَقَىٰ لَهُمَا ثُمَّ تَوَلَّىٰٓ إِلَى ٱلظِّلِّ فَقَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّى لِمَآ أَنزَلْتَ إِلَىَّ مِنْ خَيْرٍۢ فَقِيرٌۭ
28:24So he watered [their flock] for them. Then he withdrew toward the shade and said, ‘My Lord! I am indeed in need of any good You may send down to me!’3
فَجَآءَتْهُ إِحْدَىٰهُمَا تَمْشِى عَلَى ٱسْتِحْيَآءٍۢ قَالَتْ إِنَّ أَبِى يَدْعُوكَ لِيَجْزِيَكَ أَجْرَ مَا سَقَيْتَ لَنَا ۚ فَلَمَّا جَآءَهُۥ وَقَصَّ عَلَيْهِ ٱلْقَصَصَ قَالَ لَا تَخَفْ ۖ نَجَوْتَ مِنَ ٱلْقَوْمِ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ
28:25Then one of the two women approached him, walking bashfully. She said, ‘Indeed my father invites you to pay you the wages for watering [our flock] for us.’ So when he came to him and recounted the story to him, he said, ‘Do not be afraid. You have been delivered from the wrongdoing lot.’4*
قَالَتْ إِحْدَىٰهُمَا يَٰٓأَبَتِ ٱسْتَـْٔجِرْهُ ۖ إِنَّ خَيْرَ مَنِ ٱسْتَـْٔجَرْتَ ٱلْقَوِىُّ ٱلْأَمِينُ
28:26One of the two women said, ‘Father, hire him. Indeed the best you can hire is a powerful and trustworthy man.’
قَالَ إِنِّىٓ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُنكِحَكَ إِحْدَى ٱبْنَتَىَّ هَٰتَيْنِ عَلَىٰٓ أَن تَأْجُرَنِى ثَمَٰنِىَ حِجَجٍۢ ۖ فَإِنْ أَتْمَمْتَ عَشْرًۭا فَمِنْ عِندِكَ ۖ وَمَآ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَشُقَّ عَلَيْكَ ۚ سَتَجِدُنِىٓ إِن شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ مِنَ ٱلصَّٰلِحِينَ
28:27He said, ‘Indeed I desire to marry you to one of these two daughters of mine, on condition that you hire yourself to me for eight years. And if you complete ten, that will be up to you, and I do not want to be hard on you. God willing, you will find me to a righteous person.’
قَالَ ذَٰلِكَ بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكَ ۖ أَيَّمَا ٱلْأَجَلَيْنِ قَضَيْتُ فَلَا عُدْوَٰنَ عَلَىَّ ۖ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ مَا نَقُولُ وَكِيلٌۭ
28:28He said, ‘This will be [by consent] between you and me. Whichever of the two terms I complete, there shall be no imposition upon me, and Allah is witness over what we say.’
Tafsir
Commentary on this passage
Verse 23
1.Many moral instructions and advices have been found in this incident and it is a responsibility of every Muslim and the readers of the Holy Quran (1) To work for women is not a bad thing. On the contrary he should take a part in the affairs of life. (2) Women should stay apart from the male gathering and should not enter in their crowd. (3) To help the weak women is the responsibility of men and the thankfulness of the strength of strong man is that, he should spend his strength in the way of weak. (4) Even if someone works voluntarily we should worry about his wages. (5) For getting work done by others he should remember the two points. Due to materialistic strength or due to spiritual he should many on these two bases so that he can earn for livelihood and can make household circumstances religious. (6) To discuss about marriage in front of believers is not wrong. (7) A woman should take care of her own behaviour, so that the wrong feelings would not be created in other’s mind.
Be it known that grazing the animals was the wages of Moosa (a.s.) not a dower of his wife. It is necessary for Maher to be specified, it cannot be optional. Of course, it may have been a condition of marriage and that custom had been common in that era.
Footnotes
Explanations of words and phrases in these verses
- 1
Talqa Madayan - He turned towards Madayan. And it was so because apparently Moosa (a.s.) was not familiar with the route so he invocated Allah to provide some means for the same. Thus by the help of Almighty Moosa (a.s.) completed the eight day journey and reached Madayan.
- 2
Due to the crowding at the well the girls waited with their goats so that when people dispersed they could water their animals. Raa-a, Raat, Rayaan - All these denote shepherd.
Benefit: The 23rd ayat proves that if an elderly person of the family is not capable of work, the daughters of the house can come out of their homes to perform outdoor errands provided they protect their honour and chastity like the daughters of Shu’ayb (a.s.) did. Madayan is an area to the north of the Gulf of Uqba near Egypt.
- 3
Moosa (a.s.) did not demand any wealth and neither did he have any desire. He was resting in the shade after a tiring journey. He was praying for bread to satiate his hunger because till now he had survived on the grass that grew in the wild.
- 4
According to the traditions this personality was Shu’ayb (a.s.) and the girl who had come to summon Moosa (a.s.) was the younger daughter whom he later married.
Benefit
This incident shows how much peace Moosa (a.s.) obtained by helping and supporting the weak and oppressed people, And even after this he was ever busy in the remembrance of Allah and used to consider the fulfillment of the promise as his duty.