Anwar Al-Quran

Verses 87–97

20. Taa-Haa · Taa-Haa

Makkan135 verses

قَالُوا۟ مَآ أَخْلَفْنَا مَوْعِدَكَ بِمَلْكِنَا وَلَٰكِنَّا حُمِّلْنَآ أَوْزَارًۭا مِّن زِينَةِ ٱلْقَوْمِ فَقَذَفْنَٰهَا فَكَذَٰلِكَ أَلْقَى ٱلسَّامِرِىُّ

20:87They said, ‘We did not fail our tryst with you of our own accord, but we were laden with the weight of those people’s ornaments, and we cast them [into the fire] and so did the Samiri.’1

فَأَخْرَجَ لَهُمْ عِجْلًۭا جَسَدًۭا لَّهُۥ خُوَارٌۭ فَقَالُوا۟ هَٰذَآ إِلَٰهُكُمْ وَإِلَٰهُ مُوسَىٰ فَنَسِىَ

20:88Then he produced for them a calf—a [lifeless] body with a low—and they said, This is your god and the god of Moses, so he forgot!

أَفَلَا يَرَوْنَ أَلَّا يَرْجِعُ إِلَيْهِمْ قَوْلًۭا وَلَا يَمْلِكُ لَهُمْ ضَرًّۭا وَلَا نَفْعًۭا

20:89Did they not see that it did not answer them, nor could it bring them any benefit or harm?2

وَلَقَدْ قَالَ لَهُمْ هَٰرُونُ مِن قَبْلُ يَٰقَوْمِ إِنَّمَا فُتِنتُم بِهِۦ ۖ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكُمُ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنُ فَٱتَّبِعُونِى وَأَطِيعُوٓا۟ أَمْرِى

20:90Aaron had certainly told them earlier, ‘O my people! You are only being tested by it. Indeed your Lord is the All-beneficent. So follow me and obey my command!’

قَالُوا۟ لَن نَّبْرَحَ عَلَيْهِ عَٰكِفِينَ حَتَّىٰ يَرْجِعَ إِلَيْنَا مُوسَىٰ

20:91They had said, ‘We will keep on clinging to it until Moses returns to us.’

قَالَ يَٰهَٰرُونُ مَا مَنَعَكَ إِذْ رَأَيْتَهُمْ ضَلُّوٓا۟

20:92He said, ‘O Aaron! What kept you, when you saw them going astray,

أَلَّا تَتَّبِعَنِ ۖ أَفَعَصَيْتَ أَمْرِى

20:93from following me? Did you disobey my command?’

قَالَ يَبْنَؤُمَّ لَا تَأْخُذْ بِلِحْيَتِى وَلَا بِرَأْسِىٓ ۖ إِنِّى خَشِيتُ أَن تَقُولَ فَرَّقْتَ بَيْنَ بَنِىٓ إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ وَلَمْ تَرْقُبْ قَوْلِى

20:94He said, ‘O son of my mother! Do not grab my beard or my head! I feared lest you should say, ‘‘You have caused a rift among the Children of Israel and did not heed my word [of advice].’’’

قَالَ فَمَا خَطْبُكَ يَٰسَٰمِرِىُّ

20:95He said, ‘What is your business, O Samiri?’3

قَالَ بَصُرْتُ بِمَا لَمْ يَبْصُرُوا۟ بِهِۦ فَقَبَضْتُ قَبْضَةًۭ مِّنْ أَثَرِ ٱلرَّسُولِ فَنَبَذْتُهَا وَكَذَٰلِكَ سَوَّلَتْ لِى نَفْسِى

20:96He said, ‘I saw what they did not see. I took a handful [of dust] from the messenger’s trail and threw it. That is how my soul prompted me.’

قَالَ فَٱذْهَبْ فَإِنَّ لَكَ فِى ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ أَن تَقُولَ لَا مِسَاسَ ۖ وَإِنَّ لَكَ مَوْعِدًۭا لَّن تُخْلَفَهُۥ ۖ وَٱنظُرْ إِلَىٰٓ إِلَٰهِكَ ٱلَّذِى ظَلْتَ عَلَيْهِ عَاكِفًۭا ۖ لَّنُحَرِّقَنَّهُۥ ثُمَّ لَنَنسِفَنَّهُۥ فِى ٱلْيَمِّ نَسْفًا

20:97He said, ‘Begone! It shall be your [lot] throughout life to say, ‘‘Do not touch me!’’ Indeed, there is a tryst for you which you will not fail to keep! Now look at your god to whom you went on clinging. We will burn it down and then scatter it[s ashes] into the sea.

Tafsir

Commentary on this passage

Verse 88

1.All communities were misguided after their Apostles. In this way they left Haroon (a.s.) aside and followed such people from whom benefit or loss is possible but it was only because they were decorated with gold.

Verse 93

2.Moosa (a.s.) is right in his place: When people were going astray, you should have come to me and informed me about the state of affairs. Haroon’s (a.s.) answer was also correct that people would have started fighting and killing each other and war would break out between pious and infidels. I had at least prevented this war and was guiding people to the right path and each one should perform his duty at any cost. This is a proof that Moosa (a.s.) was performing his duty and so was Haroon (a.s.). This is the approach of Allah’s believers.

The whole life of Samri passed in the forest with the wild beasts and he could not get chance to stay with people. It is also a surprising matter that magicians converted to Islam seeing a miracle but children of Israel saw many miracles and remained infidels. Only Allah can guide the community of Jews.

Footnotes

Explanations of words and phrases in these verses

  1. 1

    When Bani Israel were assured success they took the ornaments of people of Firon at the time of departure to assure themselves means of subsistence. But later they made a gold Calf from these ornaments. It is said that due to one mischievous act of Samiri all the teachings of Moosa (a.s.) regarding monotheism became ineffective and six hundred thousand people fell in the trap of Samiri. Only twelve thousand remained monotheists. Two points are worth noting here. Neither the companionship of a prophet can guarantee us against deviation nor is the belief of majority a criterion for the right way. Even if a single Samiri appears in a nation the whole community shall be doomed to perdition.

    Benefit: Haroon (a.s.) denounced the mischief of calf, announced that Allah was Rahman and he himself was a prophet and it was obligatory to obey him. But after this there was a risk of disunity among the people, hence he observed silence. This was the same method followed by Ali (a.s.) and thus the actions of Haroon and Ali (a.s.) were identical.

  2. 2

    Giving precedence to the word of ‘harm’ it is indicated that how can one who cannot cause harm, give any benefit? (This Calf is not even capable of dropping dung and these people consider it a deity!).

  3. 3

    When Moosa (a.s.) saw that he could not vent his anger on the people he made Haroon (a.s.) the means to convey his ire. This also showed that when in the path of truth even a blood brother is not excused from proper accounting how can the other people be exempted?

  4. *

    According to some commentators the messenger denotes Jibreel (a.s.) the soil of the hoof of whose horse was picked up by Samiri from which he caused the calf to emit a voice. Others however think that it was another falsehood of Samiri so that he could include the name of Jibreel (a.s.) in deviating the people since lying was not unexpected from him. The actual matter is that ‘messenger’ is Moosa (a.s.) and ‘Athan’ of him denotes a part of his teachings that Samiri had taken and later thrown it away to become misguided. As mentioned by Amirul Momineen (a.s.) on the occasion of Battle of Jamal regarding Hasan Basri that he (Basri) is noting down my speeches and then instigating people like Samiri (Ihtejaj of Tabarsi). Samiri was related to Shamroon and not Samarrah.