Verses 27–31
9. At-Tawba · The Repentance
Madinan129 verses
ثُمَّ يَتُوبُ ٱللَّهُ مِنۢ بَعْدِ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَىٰ مَن يَشَآءُ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٌۭ رَّحِيمٌۭ
9:27Then Allah shall turn clemently after that to whomever He wishes. Indeed Allah is all-forgiving, all-merciful.
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِنَّمَا ٱلْمُشْرِكُونَ نَجَسٌۭ فَلَا يَقْرَبُوا۟ ٱلْمَسْجِدَ ٱلْحَرَامَ بَعْدَ عَامِهِمْ هَٰذَا ۚ وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ عَيْلَةًۭ فَسَوْفَ يُغْنِيكُمُ ٱللَّهُ مِن فَضْلِهِۦٓ إِن شَآءَ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌۭ
9:28O you who have faith! The polytheists are indeed unclean: so let them not approach the Holy Mosque after this year. Should you fear poverty, Allah will enrich you out of His grace, if He wishes. Indeed Allah is all-knowing, all-wise.12
قَٰتِلُوا۟ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَلَا بِٱلْيَوْمِ ٱلْءَاخِرِ وَلَا يُحَرِّمُونَ مَا حَرَّمَ ٱللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُۥ وَلَا يَدِينُونَ دِينَ ٱلْحَقِّ مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ حَتَّىٰ يُعْطُوا۟ ٱلْجِزْيَةَ عَن يَدٍۢ وَهُمْ صَٰغِرُونَ
9:29Fight those who do not have faith in Allah nor [believe] in the Last Day, nor forbid what Allah and His Apostle have forbidden, nor practise the true religion, from among those who were given the Book, until they pay the tribute out of hand, degraded.3
وَقَالَتِ ٱلْيَهُودُ عُزَيْرٌ ٱبْنُ ٱللَّهِ وَقَالَتِ ٱلنَّصَٰرَى ٱلْمَسِيحُ ٱبْنُ ٱللَّهِ ۖ ذَٰلِكَ قَوْلُهُم بِأَفْوَٰهِهِمْ ۖ يُضَٰهِـُٔونَ قَوْلَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ مِن قَبْلُ ۚ قَٰتَلَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ ۚ أَنَّىٰ يُؤْفَكُونَ
9:30The Jews say, ‘Ezra is the son of Allah,’ and the Christians say, ‘Christ is the son of Allah.’ That is an opinion that they mouth, imitating the opinions of the faithless of former times. May Allah assail them, where do they stray?!45
ٱتَّخَذُوٓا۟ أَحْبَارَهُمْ وَرُهْبَٰنَهُمْ أَرْبَابًۭا مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلْمَسِيحَ ٱبْنَ مَرْيَمَ وَمَآ أُمِرُوٓا۟ إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُوٓا۟ إِلَٰهًۭا وَٰحِدًۭا ۖ لَّآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۚ سُبْحَٰنَهُۥ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ
9:31They have taken their scribes and their monks as lords besides Allah, and also Christ, Mary’s son; though they were commanded to worship only the One God, there is no god except Him; He is far too immaculate to have any partners that they ascribe [to Him]!
Tafsir
Commentary on this passage
Verse 28
1.That polytheists are unclean is proved from the fact that their admission in any mosque and in any condition is unlawful because all mosques are houses of Allah and these houses enjoy equal status and respect. Though there are some differences with regard to their laws. We should know that after this mention of polytheists, the mention of the People of the book and in Surah Baqarah and Surah Baiyinah the mention of the People of the Book proves that their rules are different but for the sanctity of the mosque they are same and both are forbidden to enter mosques as both are having same kind of infidelity.
2.This subtle point is for Muslims of every era and especially for Muslims of today. To think that keeping away the infidels from Muslim lands would affect our economical condition is an open proof of faithlessness in Allah’s promise. If the servants of Allah had really believed in Allah’s oneness they would not have allowed America and Russia in Islamic territories.
Verse 29
3.Although they are the people of book but their faith is not reliable because primarily they do not believe in the lawful and prohibited of Allah, they do not follow the true religion and are devoted to their priests and sages and also consider them sons of God; this proves that they are as good as infidels.
Footnotes
Explanations of words and phrases in these verses
Benefit
Please note that the Lord of Ihe worlds has mentioned the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.s.) and the believers with regard to the sending of sakina (peace). He does not mentions ‘Alaikum’. This indicates that ‘sakina’ was not for the hypocrites and those who had fled the battle field.
- 1
‘Najasa’ is the root which means that the polytheists are physically impure and an actual impurity. Masjidul Haraam is only mentioned as an example while it is incumbent to guard the sanctity of all mosques.
- 2
It denotes the 9th year of Hijrah when Ali (a.s.) had announced the verses of Surah Baraat.
- 3
Jizya is a tax that is applicable on persons and people instead of land and property.
- 4
Though such a belief is not common among the Jews but their failure to deny shows that such a belief did exist at that time.
- 5
Just as the polytheists used to call the angels, daughter of Allah and similarly other such distorted beliefs.
Benefit
Uzair was a Jewish leader who with the help of the Iranian King Koorash had emancipated the Jews after the carnage of Nebuchanezzer. He also rewrote the Taurat. That is why the Jews started to call him the son of God while the services of Moosa (a.s.) were much more.