Verses 34–40
8. Al-Anfaal · The Spoils of War
Madinan75 verses
وَمَا لَهُمْ أَلَّا يُعَذِّبَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَهُمْ يَصُدُّونَ عَنِ ٱلْمَسْجِدِ ٱلْحَرَامِ وَمَا كَانُوٓا۟ أَوْلِيَآءَهُۥٓ ۚ إِنْ أَوْلِيَآؤُهُۥٓ إِلَّا ٱلْمُتَّقُونَ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
8:34What [excuse] have they that Allah should not punish them, when they bar [the faithful] from the Holy Mosque, and they are not its custodians? Its custodians are only the Godwary, but most of them do not know.1
وَمَا كَانَ صَلَاتُهُمْ عِندَ ٱلْبَيْتِ إِلَّا مُكَآءًۭ وَتَصْدِيَةًۭ ۚ فَذُوقُوا۟ ٱلْعَذَابَ بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَكْفُرُونَ
8:35Their prayer at the House is nothing but whistling and clapping. So taste the punishment because of what you used to defy.2
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ يُنفِقُونَ أَمْوَٰلَهُمْ لِيَصُدُّوا۟ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ ۚ فَسَيُنفِقُونَهَا ثُمَّ تَكُونُ عَلَيْهِمْ حَسْرَةًۭ ثُمَّ يُغْلَبُونَ ۗ وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ إِلَىٰ جَهَنَّمَ يُحْشَرُونَ
8:36Indeed the faithless spend their wealth to bar from the way of Allah. Soon they will have spent it, then it will be a cause of regret to them, then they will be overcome, and the faithless will be gathered toward Hell,
لِيَمِيزَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلْخَبِيثَ مِنَ ٱلطَّيِّبِ وَيَجْعَلَ ٱلْخَبِيثَ بَعْضَهُۥ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍۢ فَيَرْكُمَهُۥ جَمِيعًۭا فَيَجْعَلَهُۥ فِى جَهَنَّمَ ۚ أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْخَٰسِرُونَ
8:37so that Allah may separate the bad ones from the good, and place the bad on one another, and pile them up together, and cast them into hell. It is they who are the losers.
قُل لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ إِن يَنتَهُوا۟ يُغْفَرْ لَهُم مَّا قَدْ سَلَفَ وَإِن يَعُودُوا۟ فَقَدْ مَضَتْ سُنَّتُ ٱلْأَوَّلِينَ
8:38Say to the faithless, if they cease [their belligerence against the Muslims], what is already past shall be forgiven them. But if they resume [their hostilities], then the precedent of the predecessors has already come to pass.3
وَقَٰتِلُوهُمْ حَتَّىٰ لَا تَكُونَ فِتْنَةٌۭ وَيَكُونَ ٱلدِّينُ كُلُّهُۥ لِلَّهِ ۚ فَإِنِ ٱنتَهَوْا۟ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِمَا يَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌۭ
8:39Fight them until persecution is no more, and religion becomes exclusively for Allah. So if they desist, Allah indeed watches what they do.
وَإِن تَوَلَّوْا۟ فَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ مَوْلَىٰكُمْ ۚ نِعْمَ ٱلْمَوْلَىٰ وَنِعْمَ ٱلنَّصِيرُ
8:40But if they turn away, then know that Allah is your master: an excellent master and an excellent helper!
Tafsir
Commentary on this passage
Verse 34
1.Some chastisement also descends on infidels on the earth as an example so that they can take lesson from it just. As it happened in the defeat at battle of Badr. Umayyah bin Khalif harassed Bilal to accept his religion. He made him sleep on the hot sand and was giving him different kinds of difficulties. So Allah sent His punishment in Badr and Bilal himself killed Umayyah and raised his head on the spear and became very pleased.
Verse 35
2.We come to know from this ayat that infidels gathered in the mosque in the name of prayer and were clapping and whistling in the mosque and Allah wants to clarify that prayer is not the source of safety from chastisement. Its comprehensive terms should be sincere.
Verse 39
3.Such people are born in each era who hate or get irritated to join in battle and want to lead their lives with satisfaction. Allah clarified that it is duty of each and every Muslims to continue fighting till disturbance has subsided and people are united on the religion of Allah. The last limit of Islamic war cannot be fixed according to age and years. Its last limit can. be fixed by the ending of disturbance and success of religion
Footnotes
Explanations of words and phrases in these verses
- 1
This indicates that the guardian, leader and responsible person for the religious institutions can be only the pious people/person lacking piety do not deserve to be caretakers of religious facilities. But alas! This law has been disregarded in every age and the trustees of religious buildings are usually misappropriators and evil-intentioned people. They have destroyed mosques and sold away endowments.
- 2
The worship of the polytheists was only clapping and whistling.
Benefit: The 35th ayat proves that every type of ritual cannot be called worship and it requires acceptance by Allah for its correctness. Like in the present age the singing of Naat and Manqabat to be worship acts and any deviated teaching cannot be accepted as a part of religion.
- 3
The first practice denotes the way Allah dealt with the infidels and other people in the past.
Benefit
Though commentators believe that the word 'Fitna' (mischief) denotes only infidelity and polytheism its meaning is general and the society must wage Jihad against all types of social evils.