Verses 114–126
20. Taa-Haa · Taa-Haa
Makkan135 verses
فَتَعَٰلَى ٱللَّهُ ٱلْمَلِكُ ٱلْحَقُّ ۗ وَلَا تَعْجَلْ بِٱلْقُرْءَانِ مِن قَبْلِ أَن يُقْضَىٰٓ إِلَيْكَ وَحْيُهُۥ ۖ وَقُل رَّبِّ زِدْنِى عِلْمًۭا
20:114So exalted is Allah, the True Sovereign. Do not hasten with the Quran before its revelation is completed for you, and say, ‘My Lord! Increase me in knowledge.’12
وَلَقَدْ عَهِدْنَآ إِلَىٰٓ ءَادَمَ مِن قَبْلُ فَنَسِىَ وَلَمْ نَجِدْ لَهُۥ عَزْمًۭا
20:115Certainly We had enjoined Adam earlier; but he forgot, and We did not find any resoluteness in him.
وَإِذْ قُلْنَا لِلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ ٱسْجُدُوا۟ لِءَادَمَ فَسَجَدُوٓا۟ إِلَّآ إِبْلِيسَ أَبَىٰ
20:116When We said to the angels, ‘Prostrate before Adam,’ they prostrated, but not Iblis: he refused.
فَقُلْنَا يَٰٓـَٔادَمُ إِنَّ هَٰذَا عَدُوٌّۭ لَّكَ وَلِزَوْجِكَ فَلَا يُخْرِجَنَّكُمَا مِنَ ٱلْجَنَّةِ فَتَشْقَىٰٓ
20:117We said, ‘O Adam! This is indeed an enemy of yours and your mate’s. So do not let him expel you from paradise, or you will be miserable.
إِنَّ لَكَ أَلَّا تَجُوعَ فِيهَا وَلَا تَعْرَىٰ
20:118You will neither be hungry in it nor naked.
وَأَنَّكَ لَا تَظْمَؤُا۟ فِيهَا وَلَا تَضْحَىٰ
20:119You will neither be thirsty in it, nor suffer from [the heat of] the sun.’
فَوَسْوَسَ إِلَيْهِ ٱلشَّيْطَٰنُ قَالَ يَٰٓـَٔادَمُ هَلْ أَدُلُّكَ عَلَىٰ شَجَرَةِ ٱلْخُلْدِ وَمُلْكٍۢ لَّا يَبْلَىٰ
20:120Then Satan tempted him. He said, ‘O Adam! Shall I show you the tree of immortality, and an imperishable kingdom?’
فَأَكَلَا مِنْهَا فَبَدَتْ لَهُمَا سَوْءَٰتُهُمَا وَطَفِقَا يَخْصِفَانِ عَلَيْهِمَا مِن وَرَقِ ٱلْجَنَّةِ ۚ وَعَصَىٰٓ ءَادَمُ رَبَّهُۥ فَغَوَىٰ
20:121So they both ate of it, and their nakedness became evident to them, and they began to stitch over themselves with the leaves of paradise. Adam disobeyed his Lord, and went amiss.
ثُمَّ ٱجْتَبَٰهُ رَبُّهُۥ فَتَابَ عَلَيْهِ وَهَدَىٰ
20:122Then his Lord chose him, and turned to him clemently, and guided him.
قَالَ ٱهْبِطَا مِنْهَا جَمِيعًۢا ۖ بَعْضُكُمْ لِبَعْضٍ عَدُوٌّۭ ۖ فَإِمَّا يَأْتِيَنَّكُم مِّنِّى هُدًۭى فَمَنِ ٱتَّبَعَ هُدَاىَ فَلَا يَضِلُّ وَلَا يَشْقَىٰ
20:123He said, ‘Get down both of you from it, all together, being enemies of one another! Yet, should any guidance come to you from Me, those who follow My guidance will not go astray, nor will they be miserable.
وَمَنْ أَعْرَضَ عَن ذِكْرِى فَإِنَّ لَهُۥ مَعِيشَةًۭ ضَنكًۭا وَنَحْشُرُهُۥ يَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ أَعْمَىٰ
20:124But whoever disregards My remembrance, his shall be a wretched life, and We shall raise him blind on the Day of Resurrection.’3
قَالَ رَبِّ لِمَ حَشَرْتَنِىٓ أَعْمَىٰ وَقَدْ كُنتُ بَصِيرًۭا
20:125He will say, ‘My Lord! Why have You raised me blind, though I used to see?’
قَالَ كَذَٰلِكَ أَتَتْكَ ءَايَٰتُنَا فَنَسِيتَهَا ۖ وَكَذَٰلِكَ ٱلْيَوْمَ تُنسَىٰ
20:126He will say: ‘So it is. Our signs came to you, but you forgot them, and so you will be forgotten today.’4
Tafsir
Commentary on this passage
It is said that the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.s.) was repeating the Ayats of Quran with Jibreel (a.s.) so that he would not forget. Allah forbade him to do so and promised: We shall save you from forgetfulness. Do not make haste. As this ayat is entirely against this fact: One who knows the Holy Quran by heart is weak-minded. He listens first so that he can remember it and if he will repeat again and again, he cannot remember it. In fact this auspicious ayat points out towards preaching: Let revelation be completed, then read and start preaching, so that people can understand easily and it has no concern with education or recitation.
Verse 117
1.Adam (a.s.) was made Caliph for the earth and he had two options. (i) Stay in the heaven and disregard his Caliphate. (ii) Accomplish his Caliphate on the earth and tolerate its troubles. Adam (a.s.) chose the second way and settled the evil suggestion as a good cause. Due to this cause Shaitan thought that he had succeeded in his plan and Adam (a.s.) was satisfied that he had reached his destination and would accomplish the work of his Caliphate on the earth.
Footnotes
Explanations of words and phrases in these verses
Benefit
Sometimes the perfection of expectation is apparent in some matters whose reality cannot be estimated by common people and they.begin to imitate it. That is why the Almighty Allah addressed the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.s.) and restrained him from undue impatience so that it might become an exemplary behaviour for the people. That it should become clear that hurry in addition to be a fast movement is also a condition. Speed is desirable whereas impatience is not.
- 1
This is most aptly understood in the light of the words of Munajaat of Hazrat Ali (a.s.): O Allah how great are Your creatures and how lowly they are in comparison of Your Might. How awesome is Your dominion while what we have not seen is greater. How perfect are Your bounties in the world while they are very small in comparison to the Hereafter.
- 2
In Islam knowledge is only that which is useful in religion as well as the world otherwise the knowledge that causes destruction of the world is known as ignorance.
- 3
Straitening of sustenance does not only mean the shortage of wealth and money. It also denotes the stifling of soul that is experienced by those who do not remember Allah. Whether they be openly disbelievers or Muslims. Remembrance of Allah is the best formula for the tranquillity of the soul. After which the heart is at peace even during tragedies, and one experiences the pleasure of martyrdom if one is slain.
- 4
This shows that Nisyan is not only forgetting. It is also voluntarily overlooking something which is usually what the majority of people do in every age. They intend to achieve Paradise without actual deeds.
Benefit
The oath of Adam (a.s.) was for not going near the tree, and its forgetting is its omission. Not having ‘Azm’ means not having a firm intention, which is a must for a leader and a guide. However, all these are concerning a Tark-e-Awla (Neglecting the better option).