Verses 77–83
2. Al-Baqara · The Cow
Madinan286 verses
أَوَلَا يَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ مَا يُسِرُّونَ وَمَا يُعْلِنُونَ
2:77Do they not know that Allah knows whatever they hide and whatever they disclose?
وَمِنْهُمْ أُمِّيُّونَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ إِلَّآ أَمَانِىَّ وَإِنْ هُمْ إِلَّا يَظُنُّونَ
2:78And among them are the illiterate who know nothing of the Book except hearsay, and they only make conjectures.12
فَوَيْلٌۭ لِّلَّذِينَ يَكْتُبُونَ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ ثُمَّ يَقُولُونَ هَٰذَا مِنْ عِندِ ٱللَّهِ لِيَشْتَرُوا۟ بِهِۦ ثَمَنًۭا قَلِيلًۭا ۖ فَوَيْلٌۭ لَّهُم مِّمَّا كَتَبَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَوَيْلٌۭ لَّهُم مِّمَّا يَكْسِبُونَ
2:79So woe to them who write the Book with their hands and then say, ‘This is from Allah,’ that they may sell it for a paltry gain. So woe to them for what their hands have written, and woe to them for what they earn!3
وَقَالُوا۟ لَن تَمَسَّنَا ٱلنَّارُ إِلَّآ أَيَّامًۭا مَّعْدُودَةًۭ ۚ قُلْ أَتَّخَذْتُمْ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ عَهْدًۭا فَلَن يُخْلِفَ ٱللَّهُ عَهْدَهُۥٓ ۖ أَمْ تَقُولُونَ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ
2:80And they say, ‘The Fire shall not touch us except for a number of days.’ Say, ‘Have you taken a promise from Allah? If so, Allah will never break His promise. Do you ascribe to Allah what you do not know?’4
بَلَىٰ مَن كَسَبَ سَيِّئَةًۭ وَأَحَٰطَتْ بِهِۦ خَطِيٓـَٔتُهُۥ فَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ أَصْحَٰبُ ٱلنَّارِ ۖ هُمْ فِيهَا خَٰلِدُونَ
2:81Certainly whoever commits misdeeds and is besieged by his iniquity—such shall be the inmates of the Fire, and they will remain in it [forever].
وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ أَصْحَٰبُ ٱلْجَنَّةِ ۖ هُمْ فِيهَا خَٰلِدُونَ
2:82And those who have faith and do righteous deeds—they shall be the inhabitants of paradise; they will remain in it [forever].
وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِيثَٰقَ بَنِىٓ إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ لَا تَعْبُدُونَ إِلَّا ٱللَّهَ وَبِٱلْوَٰلِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًۭا وَذِى ٱلْقُرْبَىٰ وَٱلْيَتَٰمَىٰ وَٱلْمَسَٰكِينِ وَقُولُوا۟ لِلنَّاسِ حُسْنًۭا وَأَقِيمُوا۟ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتُوا۟ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ ثُمَّ تَوَلَّيْتُمْ إِلَّا قَلِيلًۭا مِّنكُمْ وَأَنتُم مُّعْرِضُونَ
2:83When We took a pledge from the Children of Israel, [saying]: ‘Worship no one but Allah, do good to your parents, relatives, orphans, and the needy, speak kindly to people, maintain the prayer, and give the zakat,’ you turned away, except a few of you, and you were disregardful.
Tafsir
Commentary on this passage
1.Some people think that the Holy book is only to fulfill their desires and get reward from it. It has no concern with any good deeds or character. So Holy Quran has compared this act with the behaviour of Jews and has drawn the attention of Muslim that Allah has not sent His Holy book only to fulfill their desires and to make wishes from it. Its aim is only to build characters and recompense will be achieved as a natural consequence.
2.This behaviour is always found that people are deceived with self-made claims and some money could be earned from it. Though its result is very bad and the punishment is doubled.
3.Jews believed that they would he punished in hell only for the number of days they had worshipped the calf. In this way they belittled the punishment of hell just as some Muslims say that they will stay in hell for a few days and then he allowed to enter Paradise. These poor people have no idea what few days of hell mean or what is the connection of days between good deeds and punishment.
4.To worship Allah and behave nicely with the parents that one should not even utter ‘Uff’ to them and to care for the relatives and being kind to the orphans and paying the rights of the poor, like Khums and Zakat etc., to establish prayers are teachings of the religion of Islam. But by reference to Bani Israel what is made evident is the result of not obeying the commands of Allah.
Footnotes
Explanations of words and phrases in these verses
- 1
Ummi is connected to mother (Umm). It denotes a child who is so much pampered that he is not even forced to go to the school and he remains with his mother. Ummi also denotes the person who lives in Ummul Qura but here that is not intended.
- 2
Hopes and wishes are compared to baseless things and termed as Amani.
- 3
Wael : Divine punishment – degradation regret. It is in the meaning of perdition. It is also the name of a valley in Hell.
- 4
It denotes 40 days. The number of days the calf was worshipped.
Benefit: The 80th ayat proves that every sin has an effect and due to the severity of the sin a person is surrounded by it as ifhe is in a prison which is absolutely unbreakable and he is suffocated in it.
Benefit
There is a tradition of imam Ja’far as-Sadiq (a.s.) in Wasailush Shia according to which there is a difference between the Jews and us. The Jews were aware of the vile deeds of their scholars, yet they obeyed and followed them. Whereas we are supposed to follow only the religious scholars who protect themselves from sins, guard their religion, control their desires and obey their Master (Imam). If in spite of this our community follows scholars of loose character it would deserve severe criticism.