Verses 1–11
18. Al-Kahf · The Cave
Makkan110 verses
بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَنزَلَ عَلَىٰ عَبْدِهِ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ وَلَمْ يَجْعَل لَّهُۥ عِوَجَا ۜ
18:1All praise belongs to Allah, who has sent down the Book to His servant and did not let any crookedness be in it,1
قَيِّمًۭا لِّيُنذِرَ بَأْسًۭا شَدِيدًۭا مِّن لَّدُنْهُ وَيُبَشِّرَ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ ٱلَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ أَنَّ لَهُمْ أَجْرًا حَسَنًۭا
18:2[a Book] upright, to warn of a severe punishment from Him, and to give good news to the faithful who do righteous deeds, that there shall be for them a good reward,
مَّٰكِثِينَ فِيهِ أَبَدًۭا
18:3to abide in it forever,
وَيُنذِرَ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوا۟ ٱتَّخَذَ ٱللَّهُ وَلَدًۭا
18:4and to warn those who say, ‘Allah has taken a son.’
مَّا لَهُم بِهِۦ مِنْ عِلْمٍۢ وَلَا لِءَابَآئِهِمْ ۚ كَبُرَتْ كَلِمَةًۭ تَخْرُجُ مِنْ أَفْوَٰهِهِمْ ۚ إِن يَقُولُونَ إِلَّا كَذِبًۭا
18:5They do not have any knowledge of that, nor did their fathers. Monstrous is the utterance that comes out of their mouths, and they say nothing but a lie.2
فَلَعَلَّكَ بَٰخِعٌۭ نَّفْسَكَ عَلَىٰٓ ءَاثَٰرِهِمْ إِن لَّمْ يُؤْمِنُوا۟ بِهَٰذَا ٱلْحَدِيثِ أَسَفًا
18:6You are liable to imperil your life out of grief for their sake, if they should not believe this discourse.3
إِنَّا جَعَلْنَا مَا عَلَى ٱلْأَرْضِ زِينَةًۭ لَّهَا لِنَبْلُوَهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ أَحْسَنُ عَمَلًۭا
18:7Indeed We have made whatever is on the earth an adornment for it that We may test them [to see] which of them is best in conduct.
وَإِنَّا لَجَٰعِلُونَ مَا عَلَيْهَا صَعِيدًۭا جُرُزًا
18:8And indeed We will turn whatever is on it into a barren plain.4
أَمْ حَسِبْتَ أَنَّ أَصْحَٰبَ ٱلْكَهْفِ وَٱلرَّقِيمِ كَانُوا۟ مِنْ ءَايَٰتِنَا عَجَبًا
18:9Do you suppose that the Companions of the Cave and the Inscription were among Our wonderful signs?
إِذْ أَوَى ٱلْفِتْيَةُ إِلَى ٱلْكَهْفِ فَقَالُوا۟ رَبَّنَآ ءَاتِنَا مِن لَّدُنكَ رَحْمَةًۭ وَهَيِّئْ لَنَا مِنْ أَمْرِنَا رَشَدًۭا
18:10When the youths took refuge in the Cave, they said, ‘Our Lord! Grant us a mercy from Yourself, and help us on to rectitude in our affair.’5
فَضَرَبْنَا عَلَىٰٓ ءَاذَانِهِمْ فِى ٱلْكَهْفِ سِنِينَ عَدَدًۭا
18:11So We put them to sleep in the Cave for several years.
Tafsir
Commentary on this passage
Verse 7
1.Let it be known that establishment and adornment of the earth is for the trial and temptation for mankind and not for comforts and pleasures. Ignominy on them who have established their reign from their birth and do not think of paying Zakat.
Verse 9
2.The story of Ashab-e-Kahfis renowned in every era and strange and diverse narrations supplemented it at the time of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.s.). That is why Allah has mentioned about rights and sincerity along with this incident to reject any misunderstanding. The elucidation of this incident is of a few believers in Allah. The King Daqyanoos harassed them to a great extent, consequently they left the town and travelled to a cave outside the city for refuge. Allah induced them to sleep for scores of years and thereafter awakened them. When they awoke, they betook their coins and set off for the market. People realized that these people were of a bygone era. They started arguing on the period of their slumber. The aim of this Ayat is that Allah can save His virtuous people from the tyranny of unjust people and. can again enliven them, while they follow His path and care not for unjust people.
Footnotes
Explanations of words and phrases in these verses
- 1
Awaj with a zahar on Ain is used for material things and with a zer for spiritual matters.
Benefit: The use of word ‘hadith’ for the Holy Quran indicates that its message is fresh and new at every step. However,- the surprising thing is that the unjust do not pay attention to this while it is the nature of man to be attracted by anything that is new.
- 2
Three types of groups believe that Allah has issues: Unbelievers who thought that angels were the daughters of Allah. The Jews, who believed that Uzair was the son of God and the Christians who considered Isa (a.s.) the son of God.
- 3
This shows how much the leader loves his nation. Just as a father who can even sacrifice his life for the welfare of his children.
- 4
Sa‘eed is dust. Juruz is a barren land.
- 5
Kahf. A huge cave Raqeem is a plate on which the names of the people of the cave were engraved.