Anwar Al-Quran

Verses 53–61

8. Al-Anfaal · The Spoils of War

Madinan75 verses

ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَمْ يَكُ مُغَيِّرًۭا نِّعْمَةً أَنْعَمَهَا عَلَىٰ قَوْمٍ حَتَّىٰ يُغَيِّرُوا۟ مَا بِأَنفُسِهِمْ ۙ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌۭ

8:53That is because Allah never changes a blessing that He has bestowed on a people unless they change what is in their own souls, and Allah is all-hearing, all-knowing:1

كَدَأْبِ ءَالِ فِرْعَوْنَ ۙ وَٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ ۚ كَذَّبُوا۟ بِـَٔايَٰتِ رَبِّهِمْ فَأَهْلَكْنَٰهُم بِذُنُوبِهِمْ وَأَغْرَقْنَآ ءَالَ فِرْعَوْنَ ۚ وَكُلٌّۭ كَانُوا۟ ظَٰلِمِينَ

8:54Like the precedent of Pharaoh’s clan and those who were before them, who denied the signs of their Lord; so We destroyed them for their sins, and We drowned Pharaoh’s clan; and they were all wrongdoers.*

إِنَّ شَرَّ ٱلدَّوَآبِّ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ فَهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ

8:55Indeed the worst of beasts in Allah’s sight are those who are faithless; so they will not have faith.2

ٱلَّذِينَ عَٰهَدتَّ مِنْهُمْ ثُمَّ يَنقُضُونَ عَهْدَهُمْ فِى كُلِّ مَرَّةٍۢ وَهُمْ لَا يَتَّقُونَ

8:56—Those with whom you made a treaty, and who violated their treaty every time, and who are not Godwary.

فَإِمَّا تَثْقَفَنَّهُمْ فِى ٱلْحَرْبِ فَشَرِّدْ بِهِم مَّنْ خَلْفَهُمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَذَّكَّرُونَ

8:57So if you confront them in battle, treat them [in such a wise] as to disperse those who are behind them, so that they may take admonition.3

وَإِمَّا تَخَافَنَّ مِن قَوْمٍ خِيَانَةًۭ فَٱنۢبِذْ إِلَيْهِمْ عَلَىٰ سَوَآءٍ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلْخَآئِنِينَ

8:58And if you fear treachery from a people, break off [the treaty] with them in a like manner. Indeed Allah does not like the treacherous.4

وَلَا يَحْسَبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ سَبَقُوٓا۟ ۚ إِنَّهُمْ لَا يُعْجِزُونَ

8:59Let the faithless not suppose that they have outmanoeuvred [Allah]. Indeed, they cannot frustrate [His power].*

وَأَعِدُّوا۟ لَهُم مَّا ٱسْتَطَعْتُم مِّن قُوَّةٍۢ وَمِن رِّبَاطِ ٱلْخَيْلِ تُرْهِبُونَ بِهِۦ عَدُوَّ ٱللَّهِ وَعَدُوَّكُمْ وَءَاخَرِينَ مِن دُونِهِمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ يَعْلَمُهُمْ ۚ وَمَا تُنفِقُوا۟ مِن شَىْءٍۢ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ يُوَفَّ إِلَيْكُمْ وَأَنتُمْ لَا تُظْلَمُونَ

8:60Prepare against them whatever you can of [military] power and war-horses, awing thereby the enemy of Allah, and your enemy, and others besides them, whom you do not know, but Allah knows them. And whatever you spend in the way of Allah will be repaid to you in full, and you will not be wronged.

۞ وَإِن جَنَحُوا۟ لِلسَّلْمِ فَٱجْنَحْ لَهَا وَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلْعَلِيمُ

8:61If they incline toward peace, then you [too] incline toward it, and put your trust in Allah. Indeed He is the All-hearing, the All-knowing.

Tafsir

Commentary on this passage

Verse 56

1.The Bani Qurayza had promised they would not co-operate with infidels, but they cooperated with them first in Badr and then apologized for it. Then again they cooperated with them in Khandaq, then these verses ended their privileges and fixed punishment for them, as breach of oath is from the nature of Jews.

Verse 60

2.This is the most important Islamic duty, that at all limes Muslims have to be prepared with their strength to confront infidels because the world is always in the hands of strong people and they are the owners of every black and white. Today the foundation of America and Russia rests on their material power. If Muslims create the spirit to oppose them their magical spell will be broken and the world would come under the control of Islam. Horses are mentioned as metaphor because their battle array creates awe, otherwise it is the duty of Muslims to collect all kinds of implements of war. Such as the Prophet (s.a.) himself emphasized archery and advocated its use, and then demanded spending in the way of Allah. As gathering of strength is impossible without money. It is the duty of all Muslims to spend and collect the implements so that the magic of infidelity is wiped out.

Verse 61

3.It is possible at the time when they are actually desirous of peace otherwise the remedy of deceit is different and the punishment of breach of oath has been mentioned before.

Footnotes

Explanations of words and phrases in these verses

  1. 1

    This indicates that the chastisement on the people of Firon was due to their denial, otherwise Allah does not take away the favours that He has once bestowed and often He continues to give even after disbelief.

  2. Benefit

    There is no repetition of the people of Firon in the 54th ayat. The first time mention was made of the change in favours on them and the second time their drowning is described. That is, the departing of the favours is mentioned as well as the coming of the chastisement that did not arrive before, both are mentioned.

  3. 2

    Dabba is any walking or crawling creature, but it is mostly used for animals and it is for this, that the disbelievers are said to be worse than all the animals.

  4. 3

    It may be about the supports of disbelievers and also the people who succeed them.

  5. 4

    The fear that is in the limit of certainty. Regarding him the right is given against those who violate treaties that agreements can be openly disregarded with them and their oaths may be thrown at their faces.

  6. Benefit

    The word Quwwa in 59th ayat is so general that it could be applied to every type of defence in all ages. And emphasis is laid on it for the matter that the enemy of Allah is also the enemy of the believers. Therefore we must prepare to defend ourselves and must never be careless in this regard.