Verses 44–52
12. Yusuf · Joseph
Makkan111 verses
قَالُوٓا۟ أَضْغَٰثُ أَحْلَٰمٍۢ ۖ وَمَا نَحْنُ بِتَأْوِيلِ ٱلْأَحْلَٰمِ بِعَٰلِمِينَ
12:44They said, ‘[These are] confused nightmares, and we do not know the interpretation of nightmares.’1
وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِى نَجَا مِنْهُمَا وَٱدَّكَرَ بَعْدَ أُمَّةٍ أَنَا۠ أُنَبِّئُكُم بِتَأْوِيلِهِۦ فَأَرْسِلُونِ
12:45Said the one of the two who had been delivered, remembering [Joseph] after a long time: ‘I will inform you of its interpretation; so let me go [to meet Joseph in the prison].’2
يُوسُفُ أَيُّهَا ٱلصِّدِّيقُ أَفْتِنَا فِى سَبْعِ بَقَرَٰتٍۢ سِمَانٍۢ يَأْكُلُهُنَّ سَبْعٌ عِجَافٌۭ وَسَبْعِ سُنۢبُلَٰتٍ خُضْرٍۢ وَأُخَرَ يَابِسَٰتٍۢ لَّعَلِّىٓ أَرْجِعُ إِلَى ٱلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ
12:46‘Joseph,’ [he said], ‘O truthful one, give us your opinion concerning seven fat cows who are eaten by seven lean ones, and seven green ears and [seven] others dry, that I may return to the people so that they may know [the truth of the matter].’
قَالَ تَزْرَعُونَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ دَأَبًۭا فَمَا حَصَدتُّمْ فَذَرُوهُ فِى سُنۢبُلِهِۦٓ إِلَّا قَلِيلًۭا مِّمَّا تَأْكُلُونَ
12:47He said, ‘You will sow for seven consecutive years. Then leave in the ear whatever [grain] you harvest, except a little that you eat.3
ثُمَّ يَأْتِى مِنۢ بَعْدِ ذَٰلِكَ سَبْعٌۭ شِدَادٌۭ يَأْكُلْنَ مَا قَدَّمْتُمْ لَهُنَّ إِلَّا قَلِيلًۭا مِّمَّا تُحْصِنُونَ
12:48Then after that there will come seven hard years which will eat up whatever you have set aside for them—all except a little which you preserve [for seed].
ثُمَّ يَأْتِى مِنۢ بَعْدِ ذَٰلِكَ عَامٌۭ فِيهِ يُغَاثُ ٱلنَّاسُ وَفِيهِ يَعْصِرُونَ
12:49Then after that there will come a year wherein the people will be granted relief and provided with rains therein.4
وَقَالَ ٱلْمَلِكُ ٱئْتُونِى بِهِۦ ۖ فَلَمَّا جَآءَهُ ٱلرَّسُولُ قَالَ ٱرْجِعْ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ فَسْـَٔلْهُ مَا بَالُ ٱلنِّسْوَةِ ٱلَّٰتِى قَطَّعْنَ أَيْدِيَهُنَّ ۚ إِنَّ رَبِّى بِكَيْدِهِنَّ عَلِيمٌۭ
12:50The king said, ‘Bring him to me!’ When the messenger came to him, he said, ‘Go back to your master, and ask him about the affair of women who cut their hands. My Lord is indeed well aware of their stratagems.’
قَالَ مَا خَطْبُكُنَّ إِذْ رَٰوَدتُّنَّ يُوسُفَ عَن نَّفْسِهِۦ ۚ قُلْنَ حَٰشَ لِلَّهِ مَا عَلِمْنَا عَلَيْهِ مِن سُوٓءٍۢ ۚ قَالَتِ ٱمْرَأَتُ ٱلْعَزِيزِ ٱلْـَٰٔنَ حَصْحَصَ ٱلْحَقُّ أَنَا۠ رَٰوَدتُّهُۥ عَن نَّفْسِهِۦ وَإِنَّهُۥ لَمِنَ ٱلصَّٰدِقِينَ
12:51The king said, ‘What was your business, women, when you solicited Joseph?’ They said, ‘Heaven be praised! We know of no evil in him.’ The prince’s wife said, ‘Now the truth has come to light! It was I who solicited him, and he is indeed telling the truth.’
ذَٰلِكَ لِيَعْلَمَ أَنِّى لَمْ أَخُنْهُ بِٱلْغَيْبِ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَهْدِى كَيْدَ ٱلْخَآئِنِينَ
12:52[Joseph said], [‘I initiated] this [inquiry], that he may know that I did not betray him in his absence, and that Allah does not further the schemes of the treacherous.’
Tafsir
Commentary on this passage
The story of Yusuf (a.s.) is the best story from the moral aspects as well as rhetoric and eloquence. Morals are concealed in each and every word of this story. Once the king saw a dream. He asked the learned and wise persons for its interpretation but they could not help. At that time the prisoner (the cupbearer) remembered Yusuf’s (a.s.) interpretation. He told the king about Yusuf (a.s.). The king sent him to the prison to ask about its interpretation. Yusuf (a.s.) explained that fat cows signified that a few years will pass in prosperity and lean cows meant that after the prosperous years a few years will be of hardship and the same interpretation is for green and dry ears of corn and then Yusuf (a.s.) told him the plan to prepare for the circumstances. The man returned and reported whatever Yusuf (a.s.) had said. The king liked it very much and summoned Yusuf (a.s.) to the court and rewarded him handsomely and accorded him great honor and respect. He called him truthful and one whose knowledge is vast and much greater than all and he should have knowledge of spiritual world also.
Verse 50
1.This is the modesty of a servant of Allah that he did not run when he heard that he would be released from the prison but he wished that his case should be presented before the chief and that he is released with great respect and at last, the wife of the king confessed her sin and announced the truth and Yusuf (a.s.) came out from prison with great honour and respect.
Verse 52
2.Some people think that this is reported by Zulaikha that she did not commit breach of trust by speaking evil about Yusuf (a.s.) and she did not put any blame on him but she had announced acquittal.
Footnotes
Explanations of words and phrases in these verses
Benefit
The confused dreams could indicate their ignorance and also their courtiership because the courtiers cannot dare to interpret dreams against the liking of the ruler. While the king was thinking that weak cows eating healthy ones indicated that his kingdom will be attacked by down trodden people, which was indeed a grim situation.
- 1
Zaghatha is grass and hay. That is the different unrelated things that occur in dreams in a haphazard way, whose interpretation is not possible.
- 2
Like Ummat is a group of people. It is also used for a period of time. The root of Adakkar is actually Azakkar, which is derived from zakara, remembrance meaning.
- 3
Daab means a custom - an ancient custom - By presenting a subtle point regarding agricultural Science, Yusuf (a.s.) proved that a prophet of Allah has knowledge of religion as well as the world. Thus to say that the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.s.) gave the people authority over worldly things is a mistake.
- 4
If it is derived from Ghais it denotes rain and if it is derived from Ghaus it denotes the acceptor of entreaty. Both the meanings are correct and it should be clear that there is no mention of that year. It is the addition of Yusuf (a.s.) that indicates his superior knowledge.
Benefit
The reply of Aziz, the remembering of the bartender, the interpretation of Yusuf (a.s.) and the confession of Zulaikha show that the Merciful Lord never forsakes his righteous servants.